Ratchet-wrench.



L. C. COLLlER.

RATCHET WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1915.

1,168,480, Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

. LEMSCCOLLIEK RAPH co.. WASHINGTON, n. c.

inure srn'rns PAINT LEWIS o. COLLIER, or roLTnc, Ariansas, Assienonor ONE-THIRD TO SOFFIE COLLIER, or ToLTE nRKANsAs.

RATQHET-WRENCH.

. Spccificatio nof Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 18, 1916.

Application filed March 20, 1915. Serial No. 15,942.

To all tC/LOT/t it ma z/ concern Be it known that I, LEWIS C. COLLIER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Toltec, in the county of Lonoke and State of Arkansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-lVrenches, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the acconmanying drawings.

My invention relates to wrenches for attaching and detaching nuts, and particularly to ratchet wrenches.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of a very simple and effective wrench of this character wherein the nut engaging head is readily detachable so as to permit the changing of the pawl, and so as to permit the head to be exchanged for another form of head either adapted for different work or having a larger bore, and therefore adapted for larger nuts.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a side elevation of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention, the head of the wrench being partly broken away Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the wrench, partly broken away, and showing a wrench head applied thereto; F in. 3 is a detailed view of the pawl 36; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation of my wrench, partly broken away and showing another form of wrench head applied thereto In the accompanying drawing 28 designates the bodv of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention, which body is provided with a handle 29. Passing through the body of the wrench is a passage 30 within which is dis osed a locking pin 31 having a head 32. The extremity of the body of the wrench is formed with the semicircular recess 33, and one of the horns of this recess thus formed is bifurcated to pro form as the pawl 10 previously described,

this pawl having a tooth 37 and having a stem 38 which extends into a recess formed in the wrench body and which is surrounded by a spring 39 urging the pawl outward. The pawl is provided onopposite sides with ribs i0 which fit in slots 41 formed in the sides of the wrench body so as to guide the pawl longitudinally of the body. The pawl on the sideoppos ite the tooth 37 is slotted as at 42 and pivoted within this slot or bifurcation, is a pawl 43, this pawl being longitudinallycurved and formed at its extrenr ity with a detent hook ii. A spring 45 is attached in any suitable manner to the outer face of the pawl.

The yoke 35 iscurved near its pivotal end as at 46 so as to complement the semi-circular cut away portion 33 and then extends in astraight line so that the yoke may be disposed against the side of the wrench body in the manner shown in Fig. 1. Under these circumstances the head 32 of the pin 31 passes through a slot 47 formed in the end of the yoke. When this pin is turned so as to bring the head 32 at right angles to the slot 37, the yoke is held in engagement with the wrench, but in order to release the yoke it is necessary to turn the pin with its head in a position parallel to the slot 47, whereupon the yoke may be opened out to permit the insertion or removal of a wrench head. The inner face of the semi-circular portion 46 of the yoke is cut away on its margins as at 48 to provide oppositely disposed shoulders. The inner face of the yoke is also cut away as at 49 to accommodate the end of the pawl 43.

There are many different forms of wrench heads which may be used with the wrench above described. Thus in Fig. 4 I show a doublewrench head adapted to be used for removing nuts or holding tools. This double wrench head consists of a shank 50 having spaced flanges 51 between which is disposed the toothed cylindrical portion 52 adapted to be engaged by the pawls 36 and 4:3. The extremities of the shank 50 are formed with sockets 54; and 55 which may be of different sizes and adapted to engage nuts or tools which may be inserted within these sockets, such for instance, as the tool shown in Fig. 41 this tool being a screw driver and consisting of a shank 56 having a tapering head 57 insertible through one of the sockets and at its other end formed with the usual screw driver blade. Where it is desired that pressure be applied to the wrench, as for in stance, in using the screw driver, a. head 58 is used which has a socket 59 formed therein adapted to be inserted over the upper end of the shank 50. Thus pressure may be applied to the shank and to the tool supported thereby.

In Fig. 3 another form of tool is shown having the oppositely disposed flanges 60 spaced from each other, the medially disposed ratchet tooth portion 61 and the oppositely disposed heads 62 which are formed to engage with nuts of relatively large size or for use under other circumstances.

It is of course obvious that tools of various forms may be used in connection with the member 55 and that I do not wish to be limited to the particular shape of the heads adapted to be used in conjunction with the wrench.

hile I have referred to my wrench as being particularly adapted for removing nuts, it is to be understoodthat it may be used under any circumstances Where a wrench of this character is capable of use, and that many changesmay be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

It is obvious that my wrench is particularly adapted for tightening up or removing the nuts of railway tracks, as in this case, the nuts are all of a standard size, thus not requiring the removal or replacement of the head, and the wrench may be of such length as to secure-a powerful leverage upon the nut.

The advantages of this wrench over the ordinary wrench is of course obvious.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

l. A wrench of the character described.

including a body formed with a semi-circular end face, a yoke arching over the body, a longitudinally shiftable pawl carried within the body, and a hook-shaped pawl pivoted to the longitudinally shiftable pawl and extending up against one side of the yoke and beyond the first named pawl, said yoke being recessed to receive the hookshaped pawl and a spring carried by the hook-shaped pawl and projecting therefrom into engagement with the interior face of said recess in the yoke.

2. In a wrench, a body having a semicircular recess at one end, a yoke arching over the body, a longitudinally shiftable pawl carried within the body, and a hookshaped pawl pivoted to the longitudinally shiftable pawl and extending up one side of the yoke and beyond the first named pawl.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

his LEWIS c. COLLIER.

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his Z. M. X MATHIs.

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copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C. a 

